A High-Potency Bovine Consensus Interferon Delivered by an Oral

Hongzhe Zhao, Rongyan Li, Yang Yang, Yingying Ma, Yanping Jiang, Jiaxuan Li, Wen Cui, Xinyuan Qiao

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hongzhe ZhaoHeilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6654-9923

Rongyan LiHeilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.

Yang YangHeilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.

Yingying MaHeilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.

Yanping JiangHeilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.

Jiaxuan LiHeilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.

Wen CuiHeilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.

Xinyuan QiaoHeilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.

Funding

Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China QC2025C009Master's and Doctoral Dissertation Project of the New Era in Heilongjiang LJYXL2024-042

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) mediates innate antiviral immunity. Although it comprises multiple subtypes, their functional divergence and application potential remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we identified 13 BoIFN-α subtypes (A1-A13) in the bovine genome through bioinformatic analysis. Prokaryotic expression and functional comparison revealed substantial differences in antiviral activity among these subtypes (up to 77.7-fold), with BoIFN-A8 being the most potent. Based on these findings, we designed a novel consensus interferon, BoIFN-Acons, by multiple sequence alignment and successfully synthesized it. When expressed in

Indexed as

antiviral activityBoIFN-αconsensus interferonL. lactis

Identifiers

PMID42588965

DOI10.3390/ani16152327

PMCPMC13463595

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.