ArticleCancers2026
Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Analysis of Extramedullary Disease in Multiple Myeloma: A 15-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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11 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundExtramedullary disease (EMD) in multiple myeloma (MM) is associated with poor prognosis, yet the clinical distinctions between bone-related EMD (bEMD) and soft tissue-associated EMD (sEMD) remain incompletely characterized. This study aimed to compare the clinical features and outcomes of bEMD versus sEMD and to develop a simple pre-treatment risk stratification tool using baseline clinical parameters.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 118 patients with MM and EMD treated at a single center from 2011 to 2025, including 72 bEMD and 46 sEMD cases. Baseline characteristics, laboratory parameters, cytogenetic abnormalities, and survival outcomes were compared.
resultsPatients with sEMD had significantly higher serum β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) levels (6.4 mg/L vs. 4.5 mg/L,
conclusionssEMD represents a more aggressive subtype of MM with inferior outcomes. The proposed risk score, based on routinely available clinical parameters, effectively identifies high-risk patients at initial diagnosis and may guide individualized treatment strategies.
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