Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42588378›Full record

ReviewHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Effects of Virtual Reality Training and Whole-Body Vibration Training on Fall-Related Functional Outcomes in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ziyin Cao, Rudan Xi, Haiqing Zeng, Ying Tao, Yanfeng Chen, Xuewen Tian, Xiuxiu Wang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ziyin CaoSchool of Sports and Health, Shandong Sports University, Jinan 250102, China.ORCID 0009-0003-0194-5356
Rudan XiSchool of Sports and Health, Shandong Sports University, Jinan 250102, China.
Haiqing ZengSchool of Sports and Health, Shandong Sports University, Jinan 250102, China.
Ying TaoSchool of Sports and Health, Shandong Sports University, Jinan 250102, China.
Yanfeng ChenSchool of Sports and Health, Shandong Sports University, Jinan 250102, China.
Xuewen TianSchool of Sports and Health, Shandong Sports University, Jinan 250102, China.
Xiuxiu WangSchool of Sports and Health, Shandong Sports University, Jinan 250102, China.

Funding

Shandong Sport University 2390007Shandong Sport University SJSCXZX2025009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the effects of virtual reality (VR) and whole-body vibration (WBV) training on muscle strength and balance-related functional outcomes in older adults.

methodsPubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Embase were searched from inception to March 2026. Randomised controlled trials assessing VR or WBV training in samples with a mean participant age of ≥60 years were included. Outcomes were the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, handgrip strength, Tinetti score, five-times sit-to-stand test, and gait speed. Pooled mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses and Bucher-adjusted indirect comparisons were used to explore potential relative effects.

resultsThirty-two trials involving 1359 participants were included. VR training reduced TUG completion time (MD = -1.13, 95% CI -1.70 to -0.55,

conclusionsVR and WBV training may improve functional mobility and dynamic balance in older adults, although their effects may vary across functional domains. Because direct head-to-head trials are lacking, comparative findings should be interpreted as exploratory evidence.

Indexed as

balancefallsolder adultsVR trainingWBV training

Identifiers

PMID42588378
PMCPMC13465516

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.