Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42588157›Full record

ReviewNutrients2026

Farhang Hameed Awlqadr, Syamand Ahmed Qadir, Abdulrahman H Laftah, Othman Abdulrahman Mohammed, Tablo H Salih, Mohammed N Saeed, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Noor Alriyahi, Ammar Badran Ramddan, Hassan Raza

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Farhang Hameed AwlqadrFood Science and Quality Control, Halabja Technical College, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0002-1737-5920
Syamand Ahmed QadirMedical Laboratory Techniques Department, Halabja Technical Institute, Research Center, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq.
Abdulrahman H LaftahFood Science Department, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq.
Othman Abdulrahman MohammedMedical Laboratory Science Department, Halabja Technical College, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0001-8154-8665
Tablo H SalihMedical Laboratory Techniques Department, Halabja Technical Institute, Research Center, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq.ORCID 0009-0002-5624-5931
Mohammed N SaeedDepartment of Nutritional Analysis and Health, Kifri Technical College, Garmian Polytechnic University, Sulaimaniyah 46001, Iraq.
Waleed Al AbdulmonemDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51411, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-2984-9262
Noor AlriyahiAnesthesia Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Al-Farqadein University, Basrah 61004, Iraq.
Ammar Badran RamddanFood Science Department, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0001-7750-5988
Hassan RazaFaculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-0470-756X

Funding

Qassim University QU-APC-2026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background

methodsThis structured narrative review searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar for literature published from January 2015 through June 2026. Predefined thematic search blocks, eligibility criteria, staged screening, data extraction, and design-appropriate methodological appraisal were applied.

resultsThe most coherent evidence concerns antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms and possible metabolic effects, including lipid, glycemic, and body-weight-related outcomes. However, much of the evidence remains preclinical, while human studies are limited, heterogeneous in dose and formulation, and generally of short duration. Safety depends on total caffeine exposure, preparation temperature, processing-related contaminants, individual susceptibility, and concurrent medication use. Very-hot consumption and smoke-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons represent avoidable risks.

conclusionsYerba mate may represent a functional beverage and source of bioactive ingredients, but therapeutic claims remain unsupported. Responsible use requires control of caffeine dose, beverage temperature, processing contaminants, and exposure in vulnerable populations. Future research should prioritize standardized preparations, long-term safety assessment, dose-response characterization, and adequately powered clinical trials.

Indexed as

Green Chemistry TechnologyIlex paraguariensisPhytochemicalsPlant ExtractsAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsBeveragesFlavonoidsHumansQuinic AcidXanthinesAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantscaffeoylquinic acidFlavonoidsmethylxanthinePhytochemicalsPlant ExtractsQuinic AcidXanthinesantimicrobial activityclinical evidenceextraction standardizationIlex paraguariensisinflammationmetabolic healthsafetyyerba mate

Identifiers

PMID42588157
PMCPMC13468038

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.