Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42588101›Full record

Observational studyNutrients2026

Vitamin D Supplementation and 12-Month Changes in Muscle Function and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Vitamin D Deficiency: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Christina Angelaki, Vasiliki Mamakou, Ioanna A Anastasiou, Dimitrios Mourkogiannis, Aristotelis Vathis, Michael Angelakis, Georgia Markou, Stavroula-Panagiota Lontou, Konstantinos Makrilakis, Alexander Kokkinos and 1 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Christina Angelaki1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Vasiliki MamakouDepartment of Internal Medicine, Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, 12461 Athens, Greece.
Ioanna A Anastasiou1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-7560-0575
Dimitrios MourkogiannisSchool of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece.
Aristotelis Vathis1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Michael AngelakisPostgraduate Programme "The Interaction Between the Immune System and Kidney Disease: Translational and Clinical Approach", School of Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Georgia Markou2nd Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Stavroula-Panagiota Lontou1st Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Konstantinos Makrilakis1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-4160-0577
Alexander Kokkinos1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Nikolaos Tentolouris1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-0615-2534

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVitamin D deficiency in older adults may impair muscle function and physical performance. This prospective observational cohort study examined the 12-month outcomes of vitamin D supplementation, delivered as part of routine clinical care, in older adults with vitamin D deficiency compared with an insufficiency comparison group.

methodsA total of 194 participants aged ≥60 years were enrolled: 164 with vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D <20 ng/mL; supplementation group) and 30 with insufficiency (20-29 ng/mL; comparison group). The supplementation group received supplementation targeting 25(OH)D >30 ng/mL; the comparison group received no supplementation. The Handgrip Strength Test (HGS), the Gait Speed Test (GST), the Short Physical Performance Battery Test (SPPB), and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) were assessed at baseline and 12 months.

resultsSupplementation raised 25(OH)D by 142.9% versus 5.4% in the comparison group (

conclusionsVitamin D supplementation was associated with more favourable functional outcomes across multiple musculoskeletal domains in vitamin D-deficient older adults. The comparison group's deterioration on the SPPB and TUG is consistent with an association between correcting deficiency and preserved function.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsMuscle, SkeletalPhysical Functional PerformanceVitamin DVitamin D DeficiencyAgedCohort StudiesFemaleHand StrengthHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesVitamin Dfunctional declinehandgrip strengthmuscle functionmusculoskeletal healtholder adultsphysical performancesarcopeniavitamin D deficiencyvitamin D supplementation

Identifiers

PMID42588101
PMCPMC13468331

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.