Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42588042›Full record

ArticleNutrients2026

Comparative Effects of Live and Heat-Killed

Yu-Syuan Lin, Zhen-Shu Liu, Yu-Jie Yang, Po-Wen Chen

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yu-Syuan LinDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, No.145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
Zhen-Shu LiuDepartment of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-9480-4023
Yu-Jie YangDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, No.145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
Po-Wen ChenDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, No.145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0003-1230-1532

Funding

National Science and Technology Council NSTC 114-2320-B-005-008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving barrier dysfunction, pruritus, and immune dysregulation, and microbial-based interventions are being explored as supportive approaches. This study first conducted an exploratory pilot model-development experiment to characterize DNCB-induced dermatitis-like inflammation and subsequently compared oral live

methodsMale BALB/c mice received repeated topical DNCB exposure followed by 21 days of oral intervention. Outcomes included gross lesion scores, cumulative scratching time, ear and spleen indices, histopathology, qualitative mast-cell staining in the therapeutic experiment, and serum IgE, IL-4, and IFN-γ. Longitudinal gross scores were reanalyzed using generalized estimating equations with group, time, and group-by-time interaction.

resultsAfter Holm correction, the mixed formulation showed a lower left-ear erythema score than placebo at Week 2, whereas no other intervention-versus-placebo gross-score comparison remained significant. Paraprobiotic and mixed formulations reduced spleen weight, but histopathological and serum biomarker responses were variable.

conclusionsThese findings indicate partial, endpoint-dependent effects of live and heat-killed

Indexed as

Dermatitis, AtopicLactobacillusProbioticsAnimalsDinitrochlorobenzeneDisease Models, AnimalHot TemperatureImmunoglobulin EInflammationInterferon-gammaInterleukin-4MaleMast CellsMiceMice, Inbred BALB CSkinDinitrochlorobenzeneImmunoglobulin EInterferon-gammaInterleukin-4atopic dermatitis-like inflammationDNCBgeneralized estimating equationsheat-killed probioticsLactobacillus gasserimast cellsparaprobioticsskin inflammation

Identifiers

PMID42588042
PMCPMC13468662

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.