Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42587591›Full record

ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Explainable CNN-BiLSTM Framework for Multi-Class Sleep Apnea Severity Detection Using Single-Lead ECG Signals: A Comprehensive Machine Learning Approach.

Fida'a Al-Quran, Malik Jawarneh, Omar Isam Al-Mrayat, Dyala Ibrahim, Ghassan Samara, Alaa Sheta, Ghada Elmarhomy, Nadiah A Baghdadi, Amer Malki, El-Sayed Atlam

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Fida'a Al-QuranEngineering and Artificial Intelligence Department, Al-Salt Technical College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan.
Malik JawarnehDepartment of Computer Science, College of Information Technology, Amman Arab University, Amman 11953, Jordan.
Omar Isam Al-MrayatDepartment of Software Engineering, Amman Arab University, Amman 11953, Jordan.ORCID 0009-0003-0459-8185
Dyala IbrahimDepartments of Computer Science, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan.
Ghassan SamaraDepartment of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13132, Jordan.ORCID 0000-0001-8415-0572
Alaa ShetaComputer Science Department, School of Information Technology and Computer Science, Nile University, El Sheikh Zayed City 12677, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-3727-6276
Ghada ElmarhomyDepartment of Information Systems, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Yanbu 46421, Saudi Arabia.
Nadiah A BaghdadiDepartment of Nursing Management and Education, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-3264-0179
Amer MalkiDepartment of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Yanbu 46421, Saudi Arabia.
El-Sayed AtlamDepartment of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Yanbu 46421, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4728-590X

Funding

Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University PNURSP2026R293
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

automated diagnosisCNNdeep learningelectrocardiogramexplainable artificial intelligenceheart rate variabilityLSTMobstructive sleep apneaSHAPsleep disorders

Identifiers

PMID42587591
PMCPMC13464749

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.