Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42586734›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Salutogenic and health-promoting communication techniques in general practice: a scoping review protocol based on the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR).

Anika Mitzkat, Lia Goldberg, Simon Schwill, Attila Altiner, Philip Schillen, Jürgen In der Schmitten, Stephanie Stock, Nina Timmesfeld, Stefan Wilm, Achim Mortsiefer and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Anika MitzkatDepartment of General Practice and Health Services Research, Heidelberg University Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Anika.Mitzkat@med.uni-heidelberg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1027-4235
Lia GoldbergChair of General Practice II and Patient-Centredness in Primary Care, Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Simon SchwillDepartment of General Practice and Health Services Research, Heidelberg University Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0954-2194
Attila AltinerDepartment of General Practice and Health Services Research, Heidelberg University Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Philip SchillenInstitute of General Practice, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
Jürgen In der SchmittenInstitute of General Practice, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
Stephanie StockInstitute of Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Nina TimmesfeldDepartment of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Stefan WilmInstitute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Achim MortsieferChair of General Practice II and Patient-Centredness in Primary Care, Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Alexandra KayserChair of General Practice II and Patient-Centredness in Primary Care, Institute of General Practice and Primary Care, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5206-4514
Positive Health Innovation study group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSalutogenic and health-promoting communication techniques - such as positive health, motivational interviewing, solution-focused approaches and health coaching - aim to strengthen patient empowerment, resource activation and self-management in primary care. Despite growing interest, the evidence on how these approaches are implemented in general practice is fragmented. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), this scoping review will map settings, strategies, determinants and outcomes related to the implementation of salutogenic and health-promoting communication techniques in primary care. This review aims to bridge the gap between theory and routine care by identifying context-sensitive strategies for integrating salutogenic and health-promoting dialogue into everyday general practice. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for scoping reviews and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P), we will search MEDLINE, CINAHL and Embase from database inception to the date of search (no date limits; English/German). Eligibility will be structured by the Population-Concept-Context framework. Two reviewers will independently screen studies via Rayyan and chart data with a piloted form that captures intervention components, implementation strategies and contextual determinants mapped to CFIR domains. We will present descriptive summaries and CFIR-based matrices of barriers/facilitators and strategies, alongside narrative synthesis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval is not required. We will disseminate findings via peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and make all extraction matrices openly available via the Open Science Framework (OSF). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The protocol is registered on the OSF (https://osf.io/my7sh/overview).

Indexed as

CommunicationGeneral PracticeHealth PromotionHumansMotivational InterviewingPrimary Health CareResearch DesignScoping Reviews as TopicGeneral PracticeHealthPatient-Centered CarePrimary CarePrimary Health CareReview

Identifiers

PMID42586734
PMCPMC13475571

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.