Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42585341›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

MALT1 alternative splicing-A molecular rheostat for balancing immune activation and homeostasis.

Thomas J O'Neill, Carina Graß, Andreas Gewies, Sofia Coelho, Torben Gehring, Thomas Seeholzer, Lesca-Miriam Holdt, Andrew Flatley, Regina Feederle, Jens Staal and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Thomas J O'NeillResearch Unit Signaling and Translation, Signaling and Immunity, Molecular Targets Therapeutic Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2253-3118
Carina GraßResearch Unit Signaling and Translation, Signaling and Immunity, Molecular Targets Therapeutic Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
Andreas GewiesResearch Unit Signaling and Translation, Signaling and Immunity, Molecular Targets Therapeutic Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7606-6482
Sofia CoelhoResearch Unit Signaling and Translation, Signaling and Immunity, Molecular Targets Therapeutic Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-2112-6159
Torben GehringResearch Unit Signaling and Translation, Signaling and Immunity, Molecular Targets Therapeutic Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
Thomas SeeholzerResearch Unit Signaling and Translation, Signaling and Immunity, Molecular Targets Therapeutic Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1115-3358
Lesca-Miriam HoldtInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5735-4975
Andrew FlatleyCore Facility Monoclonal Antibodies, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7822-132X
Regina FeederleCore Facility Monoclonal Antibodies, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3981-367X
Jens StaalCenter for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-2664-3357
Rudi BeyaertCenter for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-5704-582X
Florian GiesertInstitute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6825-8858
Wolfgang WurstInstitute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4422-7410
Necil KutukculerDepartment of Pediatric Immunology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
Ronald NaumannMax Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Transgenic Core Facility, Dresden, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2084-5150
Daniel KrappmannResearch Unit Signaling and Translation, Signaling and Immunity, Molecular Targets Therapeutic Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7640-3234

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

MALT1 (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma/leukemia protein 1)-TRAF6 [tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 6] interaction drives lymphocyte activation and adaptive immunity, but it also contributes to maintaining immune homeostasis. MALT1 exists in two isoforms that differ only by either encoding two (MALT1A) or one (MALT1B) TRAF6 binding motif (T6BM). The human mutation MALT1 E806D in T6BM2, expressed in both MALT1A and MALT1B, has been associated with an immune disorder combining symptoms of immune deficiency and autoimmunity. Here, we report that the orthologous germline mutation MALT1 E814D is sufficient to induce a fatal autoimmune syndrome in mice. We demonstrate that species-specific differences in the effects of T6BM2 disruptions can be attributed to alterations in MALT1 splicing and that immune homeostasis is restored by genetically enforcing expression of MALT1A in MALT1 E814D mice. Thus, alternative MALT1 splicing allows tuning of TRAF6 association, thereby functioning as a molecular rheostat to balance between optimal immune activation and maintenance of peripheral tolerance.

Indexed as

Alternative SplicingHomeostasisMucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation 1 ProteinAnimalsHumansLymphocyte ActivationMiceTNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6Malt1 protein, mouseMucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation 1 ProteinTNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6

Identifiers

PMID42585341
PMCPMC13464629

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.