ArticleMolecular biology reports2026
Dual therapeutic potential of bacteriocin Basin from Bacillus halophilus: attenuation of Enterococcus faecalis virulence gene expression and cytotoxic activity against KB (HeLa-Derived) cells.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis in persistent endodontic infections, coupled with therapeutic challenges in managing oral malignancies, necessitates exploration of novel bioactive compounds. Bacteriocins-ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides-represent promising alternatives with multiple mechanisms of action. This study investigates the dual functionality of bacteriocin Basin, purified from Bacillus halophilus, against E. faecalis virulence determinants and KB (HeLa‑derived) cells ).
methodsSixty clinical E. faecalis isolates were phenotypically and genotypically characterized. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Basin was determined by broth microdilution. Expression of virulence genes (esp, hyl, asa1, cylA) was quantified by RT-qPCR following sub-MIC exposure. Anticancer activity was evaluated using MTT assays on KB (HeLa‑derived) cells to determine time-dependent IC₅₀ values, along with assessment of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression.
resultsBasin exhibited an MIC of 125 µg/mL against E. faecalis. At sub-MIC (62.5 µg/mL), Basin significantly downregulated the expression of detectable virulence genes: esp (1.31-fold, p < 0.05), hyl (1.77-fold, p < 0.01), and asa1 (1.10-fold, p < 0.05). The cylA gene was absent in all clinical isolates (0% prevalence); therefore, its expression could not be assessed. Basin demonstrated time-dependent cytotoxicity against KB (HeLa‑derived) cells, with IC₅₀ values of 46.48, 42.98, and 36.95 µg/mL at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Treatment with Basin at IC₅₀ concentration suppressed IL-6 expression by 1.86-, 2.12-, and 2.26-fold at corresponding time points (p < 0.01).
conclusionBacteriocin Basin exhibits dual bioactivity by attenuating key virulence pathways in E. faecalis and exerting cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects on KB (HeLa-derived) cells. These findings provide a preliminary in vitro foundation for exploring the dual bioactivity of bacteriocin Basin. However, the therapeutic potential remains entirely provisional, contingent upon rigorous validation in authenticated oral squamous cell carcinoma models, selective cytotoxicity assessment against normal oral cells, and comprehensive in vivo safety and efficacy studies before any translational applications can be considered.
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