ArticleIndian journal of pharmacology2026
Combinatorial effects of curcumin, morin, and phyllanthin in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines.
Article in Indian journal of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the cytotoxic efficacy and interaction dynamics of curcumin, morin, and phyllanthin - individually and in dual (C + M) and triple (C + M + P) combinations - in estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND
methodsCytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay after 24 h of treatment with varying concentrations of the phytochemicals. Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations were determined, and interaction effects were analyzed using the Combination Index (CI) model. Two-way ANOVA was used to quantify compound contributions and the statistical significance of interactions.
resultsThe Curcumin + Morin (C + M) combination exhibited additive cytotoxic effects in both MDA-MB-231 (CI = 0.881) and MCF-7 (CI = 0.860) cells, showing significant dose-dependent inhibition (P < 0.001). Addition of phyllanthin (C + M + P) further enhanced cytotoxicity, resulting in additive interaction in MDA-MB-231 (CI = 0.864) and synergistic interaction in MCF-7 (CI = 0.684). Contribution analysis indicated that phyllanthin, despite low individual potency, accounted for approximately 50%-55% of total cytotoxicity by amplifying the effects of curcumin and morin.
conclusionsCombinations of curcumin, morin, and phyllanthin demonstrate subtype-dependent cytotoxic enhancement, with synergy evident in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells. These findings support the potential of phytochemical co-treatment as a complementary approach to improve therapeutic efficacy through multi-pathway modulation while minimizing toxicity.
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