ArticleQuantitative imaging in medicine and surgery2026
Photodynamic therapy combined with a radiation-emitting metallic stent for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a first-in-human case report.
Article in Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) carries a dismal prognosis, and the majority of patients present with unresectable disease at diagnosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and radiation-emitting metallic stents (REMS) have each demonstrated palliative benefit in malignant biliary obstruction; however, their sequential combination has never previously been reported in humans. We describe herein the first-in-human application of this combined locoregional approach. Case Description: A 76-year-old male presented with a 1-month history of progressive fatigue and was diagnosed with eCCA on the basis of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and biliary biopsy. In view of his poor performance status [Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of 2] and personal refusal of surgery, he underwent percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD), followed by two sequential sessions of PDT and subsequent implantation of an iodine-125 ( Conclusions: This case provides the first proof-of-concept for PDT combined with REMS implantation as a unified locoregional strategy for unresectable eCCA. The favorable short-term outcomes support the scientific and clinical rationale for this combined approach and underscore the need for prospective, controlled studies to validate its safety, efficacy, and optimal technical parameters.
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