ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2026
Structural brain alterations associated with brain age may link to social dysfunction in male adults with autism spectrum disorder.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: While atypical brain development in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been extensively characterized during childhood and adolescence, it remains unclear how these neurodevelopmental deviations persist into adulthood and affect brain aging. Existing studies relying on single morphometric measures have yielded inconsistent findings, underscoring the need for integrative, multiscale neuroimaging approaches. Materials and methods: Using data from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange I (ABIDE-I) dataset, we investigated brain structural alterations in 90 adult males with ASD and 132 age-matched typically developing (TD) controls. All participants were right-handed and aged 18-55 years. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was employed to assess gray matter volume (GMV), and surface-based morphometry (SBM) was used to quantify cortical fractal dimension (FD). Global brain aging was evaluated using MRI-derived brain age estimation, from which the brain age gap (BAG) was calculated. Site-related effects were harmonized using the ComBat method. Group comparisons were performed for GMV, FD, and BAG using multiple linear regression, with age, full-scale IQ, and total intracranial volume included as covariates. Associations between neuroimaging metrics and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores were further examined. Results: Cross-sectional comparisons demonstrated that adults with ASD exhibited higher estimated BAG values relative to TD controls ( Conclusion: Adults with ASD exhibited higher estimated BAG relative to TD controls in this cross-sectional sample. An exploratory association between right precuneus GMV and ADOS social-domain scores suggests a possible link between localized structural variation and social symptom severity, although this finding requires replication in longitudinal and clinically richer datasets given their sensitivity to the harmonization strategy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.