ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Primary MiNEN of the urinary bladder with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and enteric-type adenocarcinoma: a case report.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is the rarest high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the urinary bladder. It can be observed in mixed neuroendocrine/non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN), which is predominantly associated with urothelial carcinoma (UC) and less frequently with adenocarcinoma. Here, we report a primary MiNEN of the urinary bladder, composed of LCNEC and enteric-type adenocarcinoma. The patient was a 58-year-old male who initially presented with painless hematuria and dysuria. Transabdominal ultrasonography demonstrated a 4.8 × 2.4 cm hypoechoic lesion arising from the posterior bladder wall. Histologically, the tumor showed distinct yet closely apposed components of LCNEC and enteric-type adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the LCNEC component was positive for neuroendocrine markers, including CD56, chromogranin, synaptophysin, and INSM1, while the adenocarcinoma component was positive for CK20 and CDX2. Notably, both components showed aberrant P53 expression (P53-null pattern), supporting a shared clonal origin with divergent differentiation. After progression following initial platinum-based chemotherapy, the patient achieved a radiographic partial response (PR) of pulmonary metastases after treatment with enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab administered with radiotherapy. Our case highlights the diagnostic importance of recognizing a high-grade neuroendocrine component in bladder tumors. Furthermore, antibody-drug conjugates and immune checkpoint inhibitors may merit further study in this rare entity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.