ReviewFrontiers in oncology2026
Management of brain metastases in older adults with non-small cell lung cancer.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Brain metastases (BrM) are a major cause of morbidity in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As global populations age and systemic therapies improve survival, the number of older individuals presenting with BrM continues to rise. However, older adults remain underrepresented in clinical trials. Thus, treatment decisions in this population are often based on limited evidence from randomized prospective studies. Beyond chronological age, older adults with cancer frequently present with multiple comorbidities, frailty, baseline cognitive impairment, and reduced physiologic reserve. These factors may contribute to suboptimal treatment in clinical practice and highlight that age alone is an insufficient surrogate for vulnerability, underscoring the need for individualized geriatric assessment. In this review, we summarize the available evidence for CNS-directed and systemic therapies in older patients with NSCLC and BrM, discuss the options for local and systemic treatment strategies, and examine how geriatric assessment tools can inform individualized treatment decisions in this underrepresented population.
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