ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2026
Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosome miR-146a-5p Attenuates TGF-β2-Induced Transformation of Human Tenon's Capsule Fibroblasts by Targeting SMAD4.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Conjunctival fibrosis is the major impediment to the success of glaucoma filtration surgery. Exosomes secreted by human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) could alleviate a variety of tissue fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanism of hADSCs-derived exosomes (hADSC-exos) in postoperative glaucoma follicle scarring is still unclear. Methods: The hADSC-exos were identified by a transmission electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The hADSC-exos were traced in vitro by PKH67 staining, and uptake of exosomes by human Tenon's capsule fibroblast (HTF) cells was detected by the confocal method. After co-culturing hADSC-exos and transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-β2), HTF proliferation and migration were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 and wound healing assay. Protein levels were examined using Western blot. The binding between miR-146a-5p and SMAD4 was predicted and verified using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Gain/loss-of-function studies using microRNA (miRNA)-modified exosomes and direct mimic transfection were performed. Anti-fibrotic efficacy was examined by a trabeculectomy model using New Zealand white rabbits in vivo. Results: The hADSC-exos could be internalized by HTFs. The miRNA-146a-5p is the most significantly upregulated in HTFs co-stimulated by TGF-β2 and hADSC-exos. After the screening, miR-146a-5p may be a potential target in HTFs treated with TGF-β2 combined with hADSCs-exos. Furthermore, hADSC exosomal miR-146a-5p inhibited TGF-β2-triggered HTF proliferation, migration, and fibrosis by targeting SMAD4. The miR-146a-5p inhibitor-loaded exosomes exacerbated fibrosis. Meanwhile, hADSC exosomal miR-146a-5p could attenuate fibrosis and collagen deposition in the tissue surrounding the glaucoma postoperative filter vesicles in vivo. Conclusions: The hADSC exosomal miR-146a-5p attenuated TGF-β2-stimulated HTF fibrotic response by targeting SMAD4.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.