Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42578434›Full record

ArticleJDR clinical and translational research2026

Oral Nicotine Pouch Use and Associations with Periodontal Status and Salivary Microbiome Dysbiosis.

B W Chaffee, K Lieuw, H Zhang, E T Couch, Y J Jiang, F Momen-Heravi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JDR clinical and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

B W ChaffeeCenter for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2046-4035
K LieuwDivision of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
H ZhangDivision of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
E T CouchCenter for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Y J JiangDivision of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
F Momen-HeraviCenter for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Funding

Immune and transcriptomic biomarkers of progressive oral premalignant lesionsU01DE033351 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Fatemeh Momen Heravi · 2023 to 2026
$3.1M
Single-cell RNA-sequencing for functional analysis of monocytes and macrophages in periodontitisR01DE032433 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Fatemeh Momen Heravi · 2024 to 2026
$1.9M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE032433NIDCR NIH HHS U01 DE033351
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesOral nicotine pouches (ONPs) are increasing in use, yet data on potential oral health effects are scarce. We evaluated whether ONP use is associated with clinical periodontal measures and salivary microbiome dysbiosis in a field-based regional sample. We recruited firefighters, as this population has historically featured an elevated prevalence of oral tobacco use.

methodsIn this preliminary, cross-sectional study, 26 eligible participants (100% male; ages 26-53 y) were enrolled from fire stations near Sacramento, California (USA), in April-May 2025. Clinical measures from full-mouth periodontal examinations (probing depth, gingival margin position, clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing) were compared between ONP use (≥15 in the past 30 d, no more than minimal use of other tobacco, n = 12) and tobacco nonuse (n = 14) groups. We conducted 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of saliva samples to determine genus-level profiles using differential abundance testing and Bray-Curtis beta diversity analyses.

resultsClinical periodontal measures were numerically worse with ONP use, including a higher percentage of sites with ≥3 mm clinical attachment loss (P = 0.009). Across all samples, approximately 130 genera were detected (Streptococcus most abundant). ONP use (vs. tobacco nonuse) was associated with higher abundance of Comamonas, Alloscardovia, F0058, and Dialister and lower abundance of the [Eubacterium] sulci group, Aminipila, Mannheimia, and Peptostreptococcus. Principal coordinates analysis showed substantial overlap between groups, whereas beta dispersion was lower in the ONP group (P = 0.035).

conclusionsIn this hypothesis-generating study, ONP use was associated with worse periodontal status and salivary microbiome shifts. While these results await confirmation in future studies and additional populations, they suggest plausible oral health risks that should be incorporated into any comprehensive assessment of potential ONP harms.Knowledge Transfer Statement:Although preliminary, these findings provide some of the first evidence that use of oral nicotine pouches is associated with indicators of worse periodontal health. These results should encourage further research to confirm these signals and clarify potential mechanisms. Patients, providers, and product regulators should include oral health when evaluating the risk profile of this product.

Indexed as

bacteriaepidemiologygingival recessionperiodontitispreliminary datatobacco products

Identifiers

PMID42578434
PMCPMC13528704

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.