An innovative technique for facial deformity reconstruction following mucormycosis using three-dimensional printing: a case report.

Introduction and importance: Extensive destruction of the facial bones caused by mucormycosis poses a significant challenge for surgeons during the reconstruction phase. In this context, three-dimensional (3D) printing plays a pivotal role in the accurate planning and design of patient-specific implants tailored to the patient's deficient bone anatomy. Presentation of case: A 52-year-old male patient presented with extensive destruction of the maxilla, zygomatic bones, and the floor of the nasal cavity secondary to mucormycosis. The patient was unable to phonate or swallow due to oronasal communication resulting from complete continuity between the oral and nasal cavities. Discussion: Conventional reconstructive approaches typically require large volumes of autologous bone grafts, prolonged operative time, and multiple surgical stages. Accordingly, reconstruction using 3D printing technology with patient-specific titanium implants was employed. Conclusion: Reconstruction with a 3D-printed, patient-specific titanium implant yielded a satisfactory outcome within a single surgical procedure and a relatively short operative time. Furthermore, precise 3D planning facilitated subsequent dental rehabilitation.