ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
Effect of antiretroviral therapy on gut microbiota, immune activation, and inflammatory markers in newly diagnosed HIV patients.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: People living with HIV (PLWH) exhibit gut dysbiosis and chronic immune activation. The early dynamics of the gut-immune axis during the transition from diagnosis to viral suppression remain incompletely understood. Methods: We characterized fecal microbiota (16S rRNA), bacterial translocation (16S rDNA) and gut barrier integrity (serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, I-FABP, level) in newly diagnosed PLWH at baseline (t0) and after six months of suppressive ART (t6), compared to uninfected controls. Systemic inflammation (serum concentrations of interleukins 6 and 10, soluble CD163), and peripheral blood T-cell activation were also analyzed. Results: Alpha diversity was similar across groups (p>0.05); beta diversity differed significantly between PLWH at t0 and controls (p=0.002). Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis identified an enrichment of short chain fatty acids (SCFA)-producing genera ( Conclusions: Untreated PLWH show a dysbiotic signature, characterized by enrichment of SCFA-producers. Compared to controls, the fecal microbiota of PLWH after 6 months of ART (t6) continued to show differences characterized by a predominance of
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