ArticleKidney international reports2026
10-Year Trends in Heart Failure Among Patients With Dialysis and Nondialysis CKD.
Article in Kidney international reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: This study explores the rates and temporal trends of heart failure (HF) in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with the general population (GP). Methods: We included all patients with nondialysis dependent CKD stage G4 ( Results: Rates of HF-related hospitalization increased with more advanced stages of CKD, ranging from 3.7 to 6.8 times higher than those in the GP. Between 2011 and 2021, renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RASi) and beta-blocker use remained stable and relatively low (44.5% to 70% for RASi), whereas diuretic prescription declined in nondialysis (ND)-CKD. This paralleled an important increase in the rates of HF-related hospitalization in CKD stage 4 (+51%), 5-ND (+36%), and HD (+30%), with a larger increase than that observed in the GP. In contrast, HF-related mortality steadily declined in both ND-CKD (up to -20.8% in CKD stage 4) and dialysis dependent CKD (up to -66% in HD), although slower than in the GP. Conclusion: Despite decline in HF-related mortality over the past decade-although slower than in the GP-HF-related hospitalization rates have risen substantially in advanced CKD, with a faster increase than those in the GP. These findings highlight the growing HF burden in CKD, and the need for targeted prevention and management strategies.
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