ArticleChinese journal of integrative medicine2026
Effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. on Key Nodes and Gene Expression in Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Rats.
Article in Chinese journal of integrative medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (EC) in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model.
methodsThe CIA model was established by immunizing rats with type II collagen. Wistar rats were assigned to the normal group (n=6), and the remaining model rats were further divided by body weight into the CIA model, EC, and Iguratimod (IGU) positive control groups (n=6 per group). EC (4 g/kg per day) and IGU (4.5 mg/kg daily) was administered orally for 4 weeks. Arthritis severity was evaluated by measuring hind paw volume. Histopathological analysis of ankle joints was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and safranin O/fast green. Serum levels of procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), osteocalcin (BGP), β-crosslaps (β-CTX), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and CTNNB1 (β-catenin) were measured by ELISA. Serum nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured using a nitrate reductase assay. Transcriptomic sequencing and RT-qPCR were performed to assess mRNA expression, and Western blot was used to assess protein expression of Wnt2 and β-catenin in the spleen.
resultsCompared with the CIA group, EC significantly alleviated arthritis severity and paw swelling (P<0.05) and reduced synovial inflammation and cartilage damage. Serum analysis showed that EC decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, NO, ICTP, and β-CTX, while increasing PINP and BGP (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and also reduced CTNNB1 (P<0.01) compared with the CIA group. In the spleen, EC reduced mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (P<0.05 or P<0.01), upregulated IL-10, and decreased β-catenin protein (P<0.05); Wnt2 mRNA showed a non-significant downward trend compared with the CIA group. In the ankle joints, EC significantly reduced mRNA expressions of Wnt2 and β-catenin (P<0.05 or P<0.01).
conclusionsEC may alleviate inflammation and bone destruction in RA by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for RA.
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