ArticlePediatric surgery international2026
Usefulness of virtual reality application in pediatric urology.
Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe utility of virtual reality (VR) in surgical planning, education and counselling has not been fully evaluated so far. The present study aims to address this gap in exploring usefulness of VR reconstruction in pediatric urology.
methodsAll patients who underwent VR reconstruction over the last one year (2023-24) were included. Contrast enhanced CT scan/ MRI images were obtained at 1-mm thickness. A VR model and a 3D environment were created (Immersive view5.0; Immersive Touch Inc. 910). The usefulness was assessed by three independent surgeons on a Likert scale (1-5) on the following headings: anatomical delineation, haptic tools, pre-surgical planning, student teaching and patient counselling. Inter class correlation (ICC) analysis was performed using SPSS.
resultsAmong 275 patients managed, 20 cases underwent VR reconstruction in view of the complex anatomy. The diagnoses were bilateral Wilms Tumor 1; pelvic kidney UPJO 1; horse shoe kidney 1; malrotated UPJO 1, duplication anomalies 8, recto urethral fistula 1; exstrophy variants 3, complex urolithiasis 2, vaginal atresia 1, and renal trauma with urinoma 1. Among the study population 18/20 underwent surgical treatment; two were managed conservatively (renal trauma-1; renal cyst - 1). The mean usefulness score was: anatomical delineation 3.9, haptic tools 3.1, surgical planning 3.6, student training 4.2 and patient counselling 4.1. ICC for individual measures was 0.893 (95% CI 0.792-0.952; p < 0.001).
conclusionsVR reconstruction is as a valuable adjunct in enhancing anatomical understanding, and improving education and communication. Selection of ideal cases for VR will make this novel tool cost-effective.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42573818What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.