ReviewSubstance abuse and rehabilitation2026
A Review of Kratom Product Evolution and Its Associated Health Outcomes.
Review in Substance abuse and rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose of Review: Kratom ( Findings: The dried powdered native leaf and its extract derivatives are primarily used as kratom products in the US and Europe. Diversification of kratom products has increased since 2021 following the global COVID-19 pandemic. There has been a rise in chemically altered kratom products, including enriched extracts, edibles, resins, and isolates. Most prominent among them is the oxidative metabolite of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine. Summary: The total alkaloid content is lowest in native kratom leaf products (2-5% by weight) which is associated with a lower potential for adverse effects and dependence compared to concentrated products, where extracts can contain five to 50 times the alkaloid content of the native leaf. Purified compounds, predominantly mitragynine and semi-synthetic 7-hydroxymitragynine, are likely to be associated with a higher risk for dependence and overdose potential.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.