Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42571270›Full record

ArticleExploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy2026

Diffusion of innovations of digital and remote services in Finnish community pharmacies during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: A National Survey.

Paula Timonen, Katja Ojanperä, Eeva Savela, Marja Airaksinen

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Article in Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Paula TimonenThe 4th Pharmacy of Lappeenranta, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E (PL 56), 00014, Finland.
Katja OjanperäHospital Pharmacy, The wellbeing services county of Southwest Finland, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E (PL 56), 00014, Finland.
Eeva SavelaPharmacy Owner, The 10th Pharmacy of Espoo, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E (PL 56), 00014, Finland.
Marja AiraksinenDivision of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E (PL 56), 00014, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aim: To examine Finnish community pharmacy owners' readiness to adopt innovations and its association with implementation of digital and remote services during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (December 2019-October 2020). Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted among all private community pharmacy owners in Finland in October-November 2020. A study-specific electronic questionnaire assessed changes in digital and remote service provision. Innovation readiness was measured using a validated instrument based on Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations theory, and pharmacies were classified as early or late adopters. Data were analysed using chi-square tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and multivariable ordinal logistic regression. Results: Responses were received from 175 of 619 pharmacies (28%). Remote service provision increased significantly. Availability of medicine pick-up lockers rose from 21% to 39% ( Conclusions: Finnish community pharmacies rapidly expanded digital and remote services in response to COVID-19. Innovation readiness was an important determinant of service development, although the low response rate may have overestimated innovativeness.

Indexed as

Community pharmacyCOVID-19 pandemicDiffusion of innovationDigital serviceFinlandInnovationRemote service

Identifiers

PMID42571270
PMCPMC13451913

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.