ArticleThe World Allergy Organization journal2026
Socioeconomic and regional influences on eosinophilic inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
Article in The World Allergy Organization journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Eosinophilic inflammation is a key feature of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP); however, the extent to which peripheral blood eosinophil counts reflect local nasal eosinophilia remains controversial, particularly across different geographic regions and socioeconomic contexts. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study involving 1047 patients with CRSwNP who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery at 3 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China. Peripheral blood eosinophil counts and nasal mucosa eosinophil counts from polyp tissue were measured at 3 time points (2008, 2012, and 2016). Correlation analyses, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, linear regression models, and linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between blood and tissue eosinophil counts, as well as their temporal and regional variability. City-level gross domestic product (GDP) and annual mean PM2.5 concentrations were incorporated to explore potential socioeconomic and environmental associations. Results: Peripheral blood eosinophil counts showed a weak correlation with nasal mucosa eosinophil counts (ρ = 0.28) and had limited predictive value for CRSwNP (AUC = 0.607). Eosinophil levels varied significantly across hospitals and time points, with no consistent temporal trends observed. Linear regression analysis revealed a modest overall association between peripheral blood and nasal mucosa eosinophil counts (adjusted R Conclusion: Peripheral blood eosinophil count is a poor surrogate for local tissue inflammation in CRSwNP. Substantial regional, temporal, and socioeconomic heterogeneity underscores the need to consider geographic context when interpreting eosinophil-based biomarkers in clinical assessment and disease stratification.
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