ArticleAnnals of Saudi medicine
Determinants of hospitalization among Indonesian Hajj pilgrims in Saudi Arabia: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.
Article in Annals of Saudi medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe Hajj pilgrimage is a major global gathering that poses health challenges, particularly for those with pre-existing health conditions that require hospitalization.
objectivesTo examine the determinants of hospitalization among Indonesian Hajj pilgrims and quantify their relative contributions to the burden of hospitalization. DESIGNS: Retrospective cohort study.
settingIndonesian emergency clinics and referral hospitals for Hajj in Saudi Arabia during the 2016-2019 and 2022 Hajj seasons. PATIENTS AND
methodsA nationwide retrospective cohort study used data from the Integrated Hajj Computerized System for Health (Siskohatkes). Variables included demographic information, clinical profiles, and hospitalization outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated, and population-attributable fractions quantified significant determinants.
main outcome measuresHospitalization among Indonesian Hajj pilgrims during the Hajj period. SAMPLE SIZE: 876 700 Indonesian Hajj pilgrims were included in this study.
resultsOverall, 8978 pilgrims (1.02%) were hospitalized. Age was the strongest predictor of hospitalization, with pilgrims aged ≥65 years having more than eightfold higher odds of hospitalization than those aged <45 years (aOR=8.31; 95% CI: 7.39-9.34;
conclusionOlder age and cardiometabolic comorbidities were the major predictors of hospitalization among Indonesian Hajj pilgrims. Strengthening pre-departure screening, chronic disease management, and risk-based interventions may reduce preventable hospitalizations and improve pilgrim safety. LIMITATIONS: Potential for information bias inherent in routinely collected administrative data and limited availability of clinical and behavioral covariates.
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