Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42570968›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2026

The relationship between passive ankle joint stiffness and the stiffnesses of muscles, nerve and tendon.

Hiyu Mukai, Jun Umehara, Junya Saeki, Ko Yanase, Zimin Wang, Hiroshige Tateuchi, Noriaki Ichihashi

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Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hiyu MukaiHuman Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin- Kawahara-cho, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7187-9791
Jun UmeharaHuman Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin- Kawahara-cho, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. umehara.jyu@kmu.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1258-0714
Junya SaekiFaculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, 18-89 Uyama-higashi, Hirakata, 573-1136, Osaka, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9384-7475
Ko YanaseHuman Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin- Kawahara-cho, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-2113
Zimin WangDepartment of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0701-3870
Hiroshige TateuchiHuman Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin- Kawahara-cho, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-8204
Noriaki IchihashiHuman Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin- Kawahara-cho, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2508-2172

Funding

Japan Science and Technology Corporation JPMJSP2110
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo clarify whether passive ankle joint stiffness (slope of angle-passive torque curve) is related to stiffnesses in the triceps surae muscles, tibial nerve, and Achilles tendon.

methodsThirty-eight healthy adults participated in the study. The passive ankle joint stiffness and shear wave velocities (an index of soft tissue stiffness) of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius and soleus muscles and tibial nerve were measured at 5° of ankle plantarflexion and 5°, 15°, and 25° of ankle dorsiflexion. The shear wave velocity of the Achilles tendon was measured only at 5° of plantarflexion. A multiple regression model was constructed at each angle, specifying the shear wave velocities as the independent variables and passive joint stiffness as the dependent variable.

resultsAt 5° of plantarflexion, no shear wave velocities were significantly related to passive joint stiffness (all p ≥ 0.05). At 5° and 15° of dorsiflexion, only the shear wave velocities of the tibial nerve were significantly positively related to passive joint stiffness (p = 0.024 and 0.008, β = 0.385 and 0.489, respectively). At 25° of dorsiflexion, the shear wave velocities of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle and tibial nerve were significantly positively related to passive joint stiffness (p = 0.002 and 0.001, β = 0.484 and 0.470, respectively).

conclusionPassive ankle joint stiffness may moderately reflect tibial nerve stiffness and, at a higher length, lateral gastrocnemius muscle stiffness.

Indexed as

Achilles tendonJoint flexibilityStiffnessTibial nerveTriceps surae muscles

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.