ReviewEndocrine2026
Incomplete male puberty: a new nosographic entity.
Review in Endocrine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Incomplete male puberty: a new nosographic entity.Endocrine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIncomplete male puberty is a recently proposed nosographic entity defined by the development of normal secondary sexual characteristics in boys who nonetheless fail to achieve adequate testicular volume (<12 mL) during puberty due to underlying Sertoli cell dysfunction. The condition typically goes unrecognised until the first spermiogram reveals azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia. This review examines the pathophysiology, available diagnostic tools, and clinical management strategies.
methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted across SciSpace, PubMed, and Google Scholar covering Sertoli cell biology, AMH and Inhibin B as biomarkers, minipuberty physiology, endocrine disruptors, cryptorchidism, maternal metabolic disorders, and nutritional influences on testicular development. More than 500 relevant publications were retrieved and synthesised. This is a narrative review; no standardized or systematic methodology was applied for manuscript selection.
resultsMinipuberty (months 1-6 of life) represents the earliest and most informative diagnostic window: Inhibin B peaks at 378 ± 23 pg/mL and AMH rises sharply, both reflecting Sertoli cell mass and function. Inhibin B below 60 pg/mL during this window predicts poor spermatogenic outcomes. Pubertal testicular volume progression below the P10 centile, or failure to reach ≥12 mL in adulthood, constitutes a cardinal sign. High-risk categories include cryptorchidism (bilateral Sertoli impairment in 70% of unilateral cases), offspring of diabetic or hypothyroid mothers, and boys exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in utero.
conclusionA structured surveillance protocol combining early infancy hormonal screening during minipuberty, serial orchidometry throughout childhood, and targeted Sertoli cell stimulation tests can identify incomplete male puberty years before irreversible spermatogenic failure. Early recognition enables timely intervention and counselling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.