Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42569662›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2026

Impact and effectiveness of Australia's 2025 hybrid RSV immunisation program: results from the PAEDS-FluCAN Network.

Ushma Wadia, Peter C Richmond, Philip N Britton, Jeremy Carr, Julia E Clark, Nigel W Crawford, Te-Yu Hung, Helen S Marshall, Kristine K Macartney, Nicholas J Wood and 6 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Ushma WadiaThe University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Peter C RichmondThe University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Philip N BrittonThe Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Jeremy CarrMonash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Julia E ClarkQueensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Nigel W CrawfordRoyal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Te-Yu HungRoyal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Helen S MarshallWomen's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Kristine K MacartneyThe Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Nicholas J WoodThe Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Brendan J McMullanSydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Hannah C MooreThe University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Paul V EfflerThe University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Allen C ChengMonash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Christopher C BlythThe University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
PAEDS-FluCAN Network

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Australia introduced a hybrid Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Maternal and Infant Protection Program (RSV-MIPP) in 2025, using National Immunisation Program-funded RSV vaccine for pregnant people from 28 weeks' gestation and jurisdiction-funded nirsevimab. We estimated real-world effectiveness and assessed the impact of the RSV-MIPP program across a participating surveillance network. Methods: We conducted a national, prospective test-negative case-control study at thirteen PAEDS-FluCAN network hospitals contributing paediatric RSV data. From April 2024 to November 2025, hospitalised children with RSV-associated acute respiratory infection (ARI; cases) and contemporaneous RSV-negative controls were recruited. Immunisation effectiveness was estimated using a test-negative design with multivariable regression, adjusted for prespecified covariates, and calculated as (1-adjusted odds ratio) × 100% with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Impact was assessed as the 2024-2025 change in the cumulative number of RSV hospitalisations during epidemiological weeks 14-48, excluding hospitals in two states with comprehensive 2024 nirsevimab programs, and stratified by age group. Findings: Between 1 January and 30 November 2025, 3743 children were recruited (2719 RSV-positive cases; 1024 test-negative controls). Overall effectiveness against RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation in the RSV-MIPP newborn cohort (born from 17 February) was 82·6% (95% CI: 70·6, 89·7). Effectiveness estimates for maternal vaccination and nirsevimab were 81·5% (68·4, 89·2) and 89·6% (73·6, 95·9) respectively. Nirsevimab effectiveness in the catch-up cohort (born 1st October 2024-16th February 2025) was 89·6% (66·4, 96·8). The program's impact, based on a single preprogram comparison year and excluding 2 states, was associated with 43·8%, 20·1% and 8·5% reduction in hospitalisations in infants aged 0-<3 months, 3-<6 months and 6-12 months respectively. Interpretation: These first southern hemisphere estimates of a hybrid RSV prevention program demonstrated high effectiveness against RSV hospitalisation over a single season. Longitudinal evaluation of the RSV-MIPP is needed to understand sustained effectiveness and year-round population level impacts. Funding: This work was sponsored by the Australian Government Department of Health, Disability and Ageing and the Australian Centre for Disease Control.

Indexed as

ChildrenEffectivenessHospitalisationInfantMaternal vaccineNirsevimabRSVRSV monoclonal antibodies

Identifiers

PMID42569662
PMCPMC13450454

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.