ReviewPalliative care and social practice2026
Contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of home-based palliative care implementation in low- and middle-income countries: A realist review.
Review in Palliative care and social practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Family Caregiver Needs, Interventions, and Outcomes in Home-Based Cancer Palliative Care: A Scoping Review.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: In 2015, an estimated 16.4 million people in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) died with serious health-related suffering requiring palliative care. Yet access to palliative care remains limited in LMICs, where the gaps are greatest. Home-based palliative care (HBPC) has been shown to improve access, enhance quality of life and reduce costs. However, evidence on implementing HBPC across the diverse contexts of LMICs remains scarce. Aim: To identify which strategies, in which contexts, trigger which mechanisms to produce successful implementation outcomes for HBPC in LMICs. Data sources and Methods: Following RAMESES standards, we conducted a realist review to refine an initial programme theory developed through WHO documentation and the CFIR. We searched six databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, Global Health, and CENTRAL) for home-based palliative care in LMICs. Evidence was selected based on relevance, richness, and rigour, using 17 "if-then" statements to synthesise Context-Mechanism-Outcome-Configurations (CMOCs). Results: In LMICs, patients with advanced illness and caregivers experience substantial multidimensional unmet needs within health systems that are underfunded and fragmented. We identified five CMOCs in which HBPC was found to be acceptable, feasible, and sustainable. (1) Community engagement: Programmes that actively engaged community members and local civil organisations reduced stigma surrounding palliative care, strengthened collective ownership, and improved programme acceptability and sustainability. (2) Volunteer involvement: Training community-rooted caregivers created trusted bridges between services and families, enhancing volunteer commitment and long-term viability. (3) Nurse leadership: Empowering nurses through training and expanded roles increased professional confidence and trust from patients and families, supporting delivery in resource-constrained settings. (4) Multidisciplinary team: Collaborative team care alleviated feelings of abandonment, fostered hope and reciprocity; encouraged patients and families to contribute back to programmes. (5) Holistic and uninterrupted support for caregivers: Continuous and holistic support for family carers improved confidence in home caregiving and enabled end-of-life care at home. Conclusion: Shared contextual similarities across LMICs suggest these components could support HBPC implementation in diverse resource constrained settings and potential for cross-national learning. To maximise successful implementation, investment for HBPC should prioritise enhancing community capacity and developing nurse leadership within the team care model.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.