ArticlePLOS global public health2026
A content analysis of global and national policies, plans, and guidelines to integrate NCDs with HIV care in LMICs.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- A content analysis of global and national policies, plans, and guidelines to integrate NCDs with HIV care in LMICs.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among people living with HIV (PWH) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), threatens gains in life expectancy. Global organizations have called for integrating NCD management into existing HIV care systems, but it is unclear what actions countries are taking to accomplish this goal. To bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted a quantitative content analysis of HIV policy documents from the World Health Organization (WHO), the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and 22 PEPFAR-sponsored LMICs to analyze mentions of: 1) screening and treatment of selected NCDs (hypertension, diabetes, cervical cancer, and depression) and/or two NCD risk factors (alcohol and tobacco use), and 2) health system-strengthening strategies when mentioned in relation to the selected NCDs and risk factors. We used the WHO's Building Blocks framework to identify these strategies. Screening and treatment for cervical cancer and mental health conditions were reported in the WHO and PEPFAR documents and in the majority of country documents. Strategies to strengthen service delivery (e.g., NCD care coordination across health facilities, establishing guidelines for integrated care) were frequently referenced across WHO, PEPFAR, and country-level documents. Far fewer documents mentioned strategies related to health information technology, medication access, and financing to support care integration. Although the WHO, PEPFAR and country-level documents illustrate a commitment to NCD-HIV health system integration, there was variation in which NCDs were being prioritized. Mentions of screening and treatment of NCD risk factors were rare, suggesting that tobacco and alcohol-related services may be comparatively under-resourced. Integrating NCD and HIV care requires sustained investments that align with local resources and attention to system-level enablers (e.g., improved information systems, stronger medicine supply chains) that support comprehensive care. Future research should focus on identifying the determinants of policy adoption, including factors that either drive or constrain integration of the full spectrum of NCD services within HIV care settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.