ArticleDiabetes care2026
Islet Autoantibody Patterns Vary by Race and Ethnicity and Area Deprivation Index for Individuals at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes.
Ananta Addala, Susanne Cabrera, David Cuthbertson, Ingrid Libman, Mustafa Tosur, Alejandro F Siller, Linda A DiMeglio, Kevan C Herold, Maria J Redondo, Heba M Ismail
Abstract read
In one paragraphArticle in Diabetes care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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What it found
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2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
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4 · The recordCorrections and comments
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5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
10 authors.
Susanne CabreraUniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.
David CuthbertsonUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Ingrid LibmanUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
Mustafa TosurBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Alejandro F SillerBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Linda A DiMeglioIndiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
Kevan C HeroldYale University, New Haven, CT.
Maria J RedondoBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Heba M IsmailIndiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
Funding
Revision to the Coordinating Center for Type 1 Diabetes TrialNetU01DK106993 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI JEFFREY P KRISCHER, SAMUEL S WU · 2019 to 2026
$181.3MData Coordinating Center for Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet (UC4)USF: TrialNet UC4-3UC4DK117009 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2017 to 2019
$49.6MType 1 Diabetes TrialNet Clinical Network HubU01DK103282 · NIDDK · BENAROYA RESEARCH INST AT VIRGINIA MASON · PI CARLA J GREENBAUM, KURT J GRIFFIN · 2014 to 2026
$14.2MNorthwest Clinical Center for Type 1 Diabetes - TrialNetU01DK061034 · NIDDK · BENAROYA RESEARCH INST AT VIRGINIA MASON · PI GREENBAUM, CARLA J · 2001 to 2018
$10.3MType I Diabetes Trialnet at StsnfordU01DK061042 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI WILSON, DARRELL M · 2001 to 2018
$8.5MUCSF Trialnet: A Phase II Trial of Imatimib in New Onset Type I DiabetesU01DK061010 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GITELMAN, STEPHEN E · 2001 to 2018
$8.1MType 1 Diabetes-A Proposal for Prevention & InterventionU01DK085476 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI MORAN, ANTOINETTE M. · 2009 to 2018
$7.1MPrediction and Prevention of Type I DiabetesU01DK061058 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BECKER, DOROTHY J · 2001 to 2018
$6.5MTrialNet: University of Florida Clinical Center and NetworkU01DK085461 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI HALLER, MICHAEL JAMES · 2009 to 2018
$5.9MTrialNet: Diabetes Type 1 PreventionU01DK085509 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI GOTTLIEB, PETER A · 2009 to 2018
$5.8MType 1 Diabetes TrialNet Clinical Center: Effects of Alefacept in New Onset T1DU01DK085499 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI BAIDAL, DAVID · 2009 to 2018
$4.9MVanderbilt University: Clinical Center Application, Type 1 Diabetes TrialNetU01DK085465 · NIDDK · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI RUSSELL, WILLIAM E · 2009 to 2018
$4.8MBreakthrough T1D (formerly JDRF)Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases K23DK129799Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases K23DK131342Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK061010Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK061034Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK061042Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK061058Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK085461Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK085465Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK085466Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK085476Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK085499Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK085509Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK103153Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK103180Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK103266Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK103282Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK106984Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK106993Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK106994Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK107013Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development U01 DK107014Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development UC4 DK117009National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK129799NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK131342NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK125014NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061010NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061034NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061042NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061058NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085461NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085465NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085466NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085476NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085499NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK085509NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK103153NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK103180NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK103266NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK103282NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK106984NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK106993NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK106994NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK107013NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK107014NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK117009
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
objectiveIslet autoantibody positivity (AB+) has not been evaluated across different race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic deprivation categories in individuals at risk for type 1 diabetes. We examined data from TrialNet of people screened for ABs and evaluated patterns by race and ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThis analysis included 139,963 relatives of people with type 1 diabetes screened by TrialNet between 9 January 2012 and 31 December 2022. Race and ethnicity were categorized as non-Hispanic White, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic other. Home addresses were used to assign deprivation, ranging from least deprived (1) to most deprived (100), analyzed in quintiles. Descriptive and multivariate analyses assessed associations among race and ethnicity, deprivation, and AB+, adjusting for age and protocol period.
resultsSingle AB+ (SAB+) and multiple AB+ (MAB+) varied by age, race and ethnicity, and deprivation. Younger individuals had increased odds of MAB+ and decreased odds of SAB+. Non-Hispanic Black participants had significantly higher odds of AB+ (adjusted odds ratio 1.44 [95% CI 1.29, 1.62]), SAB+ (1.59 [1.38, 1.85]), and MAB+ (1.26 [1.06, 1.51]), while Hispanic individuals had higher odds of SAB+ (1.26 [1.15, 1.39]) and lower odds of MAB+ (0.81 [0.72, 0.91]) compared with non-Hispanic White individuals. Lowest deprivation was associated with higher odds of MAB+ (1.21 [1.06, 1.37]) but not SAB+.
conclusionsAB+ patterns vary by race, ethnicity, and deprivation. Screening and prevention strategies should be designed to identify individuals at risk based on these factors to enable equitable risk stratification and access to diabetes preventive therapies.
Indexed as
AutoantibodiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Islets of LangerhansAdolescentAdultBlack or African AmericanChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle AgedWhiteYoung AdultAutoantibodies
Identifiers
PMID42566303
PMCPMC13594801
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