ArticleWorld journal of microbiology & biotechnology2026
Optimization and application of probiotics complex for grouper based on dynamic model.
Article in World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study applied systematic microecological method to develop multi-strain probiotics for grouper aquaculture, focusing on rational strain selection and interaction optimization. Five strains from marine source were initially screened through functional and safety assessments. Based on single-strain growth kinetics and pairwise interaction data, the generalized Lotka-Volterra model and multiple linear regression were employed to identify an optimal consortium consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus velezensis (1: 1: 1), which exhibited significantly antagonism against Vibrio harveyi (p < 0.05) and higher digestive enzyme activities among thirty predefined combinations. In vitro tests using intestinal communities from the purebred grouper Epinephelus coioides (Ec) and the hybrid grouper E. fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂ (Elf) revealed host-specific microbiome characteristics. The consortium exerted stronger effects in Elf than single-strain treatments. Supplementation of probiotic complex enhanced network stability, enriched beneficial genera (e.g., Bacillus), and suppressed opportunistic pathogens (e.g., Vibrio). Finally, in a 42-day feeding trial in juvenile Elf grouper, both single bacteria (B. velezensis at 10
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