ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Immunomodulatory effects of HUC-MSCs therapy: enhancing adaptive and innate immune responses in aging frailty.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT04314011 (A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Infusion for Aging Frailty), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Infusion for Aging Frailty
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Frailty associated with aging, characterized by chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, poses a significant public health challenge. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) exhibit immunomodulatory properties; however, their mechanism of action in frail elderly populations remains unclear. Building on a prior clinical trial investigating HUC-MSCs for elderly frailty (Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04314011; PubMed ID: 38679727), this study was conducted to further elucidate the mechanism of action of HUC-MSCs. Methods: We performed a longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) study on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from frail elderly patients before and after HUC-MSCs therapy. Immune cell dynamics were analyzed across multiple time points, and cell-cell communication networks were reconstructed. Spearman correlation analyses were performed to link immune changes with clinical frailty and physical performance metrics. Results: HUC-MSCs induced a time-dependent recalibration of the immune system. An early, transient expansion of MAIT cells (p=0.049) was followed by a sustained reduction in B cell hyperactivity (p=0.032) and a phenotypic shift in naïve B cells. NK cell cytotoxicity was enhanced (increased GNLY), while NKT cells showed modulated stress-response signatures. Cell-cell communication was reorganized, with the EPHA/NRG pathways highlighting CD4 Conclusions: HUC-MSCs restore immune homeostasis in aging frailty through sequential, multi-faceted immunomodulation. The association between specific immune remodeling features and functional recovery positions HUC-MSCs as a promising mechanism-based therapy for aging frailty.
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