ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Trends in respiratory disease mortality in the United States, 1999-2024.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Respiratory diseases are a leading cause of death in the US. This study examines mortality trends from 1999 to 2024 using CDC WONDER data, focusing on disparities by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and region. Methods: An ecological time-trend study calculated crude and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) and used Joinpoint regression to estimate annual changes. Results: From 1999 to 2024, respiratory disease deaths increased from 227,985 to 263,209 (+15.5%), while AAMR declined from 129.37 to 91.70 per 100,000 (AAPC = -1.37). The decline accelerated after 2018. AAMR was consistently higher in males, but decreased more steeply in males. All regions showed declining AAMR, with the West having the largest reduction, whereas the South had the largest rise in death counts. All racial/ethnic groups saw AAMR declines, yet non-Hispanic Whites bore the highest burden, and Hispanics/other races showed larger absolute death increases. Older adults carried the heaviest burden, while adults aged 25-34 years experienced a slight AAMR increase. Conclusion: Although age-adjusted respiratory mortality declined continuously from 1999 to 2024, the absolute number of deaths rose, with marked subgroup heterogeneity. Future strategies should target men, older adults, Southern residents, and younger adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.