ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2026
Epidemiology of viral and atypical bacterial respiratory infections among children hospitalised at a Kenyan tertiary referral centre: a cross sectional multiplex PCR study.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) cause high paediatric morbidity and mortality particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding contemporary trends in SARI aetiology is needed to inform prevention strategies. We aimed to determine the current aetiology, severity and seasonality of SARIs based on pathogens detected by multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) tests, BioFire® respiratory panel 2.0 (RP 2) and 2.1 Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analytic study among Kenyan children aged 0-18 years hospitalised between March 2018 and March 2023, with SARI and a positive nasopharyngeal swab multiplex qRT-PCR test. Cases were analyzed for their clinical characteristics, radiological features, laboratory data, seasonality of the respiratory pathogens and risk factors for severe infection. Results: A total of 545 pathogens were detected in 382 cases,123 (22.5%) had polymicrobial detection, 14 (4%) had severe illness and three (0.8%) died. Rhinovirus (24%) and respiratory syncytial virus (21%) were the most common viral pathogens identified whereas Conclusions: Viruses accounted for majority of respiratory infections. Infections had two distinct peaks: the first dry season and the short rainy season, suggesting that respiratory vaccines should be scheduled prior to their onset.
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