ReviewJournal of Korean biological nursing science2025
The effects of thermotherapy and cryotherapy on pain and fear during intravenous cannulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Journal of Korean biological nursing science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Intravenous (IV) cannulation is a common hospital procedure that often causes pain and discomfort, leading to injection-related fear. Therefore, effective strategies for alleviating IV-related pain are necessary. To investigate the impact of thermotherapy and cryotherapy on pain and fear associated with IV cannulation, we reviewed randomized controlled trials. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, Research Information Service System, DBpia, NSDL, and the Korean Studies Information Service System were searched for studies available in databases as of December 31, 2024. The study participants were individuals who underwent IV line (angio-needle) insertion. The intervention group received thermotherapy or cryotherapy for pain management, and the comparison group received no treatment or placebo. The outcome variables were pain and fear. Results: Significantly lower pain levels were observed in the thermotherapy and cryotherapy groups compared to the control group. The effect size of thermotherapy was shown by a standardized mean difference (SMD) of -0.68, while the SMD for cryotherapy was -0.93. No significant difference was found between thermotherapy and cryotherapy ( Conclusion: This meta-analysis confirms that both thermotherapy and cryotherapy are effective in reducing IV-related pain and fear, with no significant difference between the two approaches. However, thermotherapy may offer additional benefits, such as reducing IV insertion time and improving patient satisfaction. These findings suggest that thermotherapy and cryotherapy are viable non-pharmacological options for IV-related pain and fear management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.