ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2026
Free-Breathing Hepatic Oxygen Extraction Fraction (OEF) Mapping Using Radial GESSE.
Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeNoninvasive assessment of hepatic oxygenation is relevant for evaluating liver both in acute and long-term liver pathologies. However, existing methods are limited to single-slice acquisitions and require breath-holding. This study aims to develop and evaluate a motion-robust technique for whole-liver oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping using a radial gradient-echo sampling of spin-echo (rGESSE) sequence in combination with an artificial neural network (ANN) for quantification.
methodsSeven healthy volunteers were scanned using a 1.5 T MRI system with an 18-channel body coil. A multi-slice rGESSE sequence with radial sampling was employed under free-breathing conditions to acquire volumetric liver data. Signal processing included bias-field correction and 3D median filtering. OEF, deoxygenated blood volume (DBV), and transverse relaxation rate (R
resultsWhole-liver OEF maps were successfully obtained in all volunteers under free-breathing. Representative parameter maps showed consistent spatial patterns and anatomical correspondence. The mean hepatic OEF across subjects was 55.75% ± 6.88%, and the mean DBV was 0.568 ± 0.039. Comparison with literature values suggested a systematic overestimation, likely arising from a combination of model approximations, residual B
conclusionThis study demonstrates the feasibility of using rGESSE combined with ANN analysis for free-breathing, whole-liver OEF mapping. The proposed approach allows for noninvasive, volumetric hepatic oxygenation assessment with improved motion robustness, offering potential for clinical application in liver disease diagnosis and monitoring.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.