ArticleMalaria journal2026
The monophyly of Nycteria and Polychromophilus parasites: a missing piece in the evolution of malaria and other Haemosporida.
Article in Malaria journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Complete mitochondrial genome characterization of the haemosporidian parasiteCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundHaemosporida is a diverse order of vector-borne apicomplexan parasites infecting terrestrial vertebrates worldwide, including humans, but the evolutionary relationships among its genera remain unresolved. The phylogenetic placement of two bat-restricted genera, Nycteria and Polychromophilus, both of which lack erythrocytic schizogony, has varied across studies depending on taxon sampling and marker choice.
methodsTo address this problem, an expanded dataset of near-complete mitochondrial (mtDNA) genomes together with nine nuclear loci were analyzed.
resultsPhylogenetic analyses of mtDNA recovered Nycteria and Polychromophilus as a strongly supported monophyletic clade. In contrast, analyses based only on the three mitochondrial coding genes (CDS) or a reduced nuclear dataset failed to recover their monophyly and showed low support and extensive topological conflict at deeper nodes. These results indicate that the near-complete mitochondrial genomes recover phylogenetic signal that is not captured by reduced mitochondrial coding sequences or partial nuclear datasets. Molecular dating analyses further showed that divergence estimates for a putative Nycteria-Polychromophilus clade are compatible with the proposed times for bat diversification and consistent with the broader haemosporidian timescale. When the Nycteria-Polychromophilus clade was incorporated as a calibration prior, divergence-time estimates became more precise without altering the overall evolutionary timeframe. Substantial mitochondrial gene-order rearrangements in a distinct Nycteria lineage were confirmed, highlighting structural divergence within this bat-associated group. In addition, heterogeneity in rates across mtDNA haemosporidian lineages was observed.
conclusionTogether, these findings support the existence of a distinct bat-associated clade whose deeper placement and evolutionary significance should be tested with broader phylogenomic sampling.
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