Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42562978›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2026

In Vitro Assays for Endolysin Efficacy and Safety Profiling.

Nikolaos D Georgakis, Panagiota D Pantiora, Georgios E Premetis, Christina Varotsou, Eleni Pavlou, Alexandra Sklavou, Irene Axarli, Nikolaos E Labrou

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Nikolaos D GeorgakisLaboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Lera Odos Street,, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
Panagiota D PantioraLaboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Lera Odos Street,, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
Georgios E PremetisLaboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Lera Odos Street,, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
Christina VarotsouLaboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Lera Odos Street,, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
Eleni PavlouLaboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Lera Odos Street,, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
Alexandra SklavouLaboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Lera Odos Street,, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
Irene AxarliLaboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Lera Odos Street,, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
Nikolaos E LabrouLaboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Lera Odos Street,, GR-11855, Athens, Greece. Lambrou@aua.gr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This chapter describes three complementary in vitro assays designed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential and cytotoxic safety of endolysins. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method enables rapid screening of endolysin activity based on inhibition zones against bacterial lawns. A serial dilution assay quantifies bactericidal efficacy through colony-forming unit (CFU) reduction, allowing dose-dependent assessment of killing activity. To assess host safety, a hemolytic assay using human red blood cells measures potential cytotoxicity by monitoring membrane lysis. Together, these methods offer a practical and reproducible framework for early-stage functional screening of candidate endolysins under controlled laboratory conditions.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsEndopeptidasesBacteriaErythrocytesHemolysisHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Bacterial AgentsendolysinEndopeptidasesAntimicrobial enzymeBactericidal activityCytotoxicityEndolysinEnzyme screeningHemolysis assayKirby–Bauer assayRed blood cellsSerial dilutionZone of inhibition

Identifiers

PMID42562978

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.