Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42562618›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of sports medicine2026

Training-related concussions in men's English Premiership Rugby Union: an eight-season prospective cohort study of 153 243 player-weeks.

Samuel Joseph Hudson, Sean Williams, Lindsay Starling, Stephen West, Matt Cross, Lewis Henderson, Ben Jones, Simon Kemp, Keith Stokes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of sports medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Samuel Joseph HudsonCentre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK sjh241@bath.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0841-7009
Sean WilliamsCentre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1460-0085
Lindsay StarlingWorld Rugby, County Dublin, Ireland.
Stephen WestCentre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Matt CrossPremiership Rugby, London, UK.
Lewis HendersonRugby Football Union, London, UK.
Ben JonesPremiership Rugby, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4274-6236
Simon KempRugby Football Union, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-2713
Keith StokesCentre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo describe the incidence, severity, burden and risk factors of training-related concussion injuries in elite men's Rugby Union.

methodsTraining-related concussions recorded as part of the Professional Rugby Injury Surveillance Project were examined between the 2016/2017 and 2023/2024 seasons. Incidence rates (per 1000 hours) were calculated with 95% CIs. Poisson regression and incidence rate ratios described season-to-season changes in concussion incidence. A generalised linear mixed model assessed the influence of time in season, match minutes played in the previous 28 days, dominant training type and previous concussion as fixed effects, accounting for weekly training exposure. Random intercepts included player and team.

resultsThe incidence of concussions in training was 0.23 per 1000 hours (95% CI 0.22 to 0.29). The mean severity (days absent) of concussions was 18 days (95% CI 15 to 21). The burden of training concussions was 4.16 days absent per 1000 hours (95% CI 3.57 to 4.85). The tackle (46%) and accidental collisions (26%) were the most common inciting events. The incidence of training-related concussions was significantly higher in the 2021/2022, 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 seasons compared with the 2016/2017 season. Preseason (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.80 (95% CI 1.24 to 2.60), p=0.01) and full-contact training (IRR 2.20 (95% CI 1.17 to 4.12), p=0.01) were associated with a higher risk of concussion compared with the final 3 months of the season and non-contact training.

conclusionFull-contact training and the preseason period are associated with an increased risk of training-related concussion. Accordingly, full-contact and preseason training should be strategically planned to minimise risk.

Indexed as

Athletic InjuriesBrain ConcussionFootballEnglandHumansIncidenceMaleProspective StudiesRisk FactorsBrain ConcussionEpidemiologyRisk factorRugby

Identifiers

PMID42562618
PMCPMC13638317

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.