SynthesisRevista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical2026
Accuracy of diagnostic strategies for detecting Schistosoma mansoni infection in Brazil: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSchistosoma mansoni infection remains a major public health concern in Brazil. Accurate diagnostic methods are essential for monitoring transmission and guiding control and elimination strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the performance of diagnostic tests used for S. mansoni infection in Brazil.
methodsStudies conducted in endemic areas of Brazil that used parasitological methods as the reference standard, reported sensitivity and specificity, and were published through October 2024, were included in the analysis. Diagnostic performance was synthesized using univariate and multivariate meta-analyses, and risk of bias was assessed with QUADAS-2.
resultsThirty-three studies were included; most were conducted in Minas Gerais (63%). The main reference standard was Kato-Katz alone (48%) or combined with other parasitological methods (42.4%). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA)-SEA results showed higher accuracy than ELISA-SWAP (81% vs 68%), although both exhibited heterogeneity above 80%. Point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen with trace results interpreted as positive (POC-CCA+) or negative (POC-CCA-) showed similar accuracy (70% vs 73%, respectively), with heterogeneity exceeding 80%. For conventional PCR, PCR-ELISA, real-time PCR, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), accuracy ranged from 67% to 82% (heterogeneity: > 90%. In multivariate analysis, conventional PCR had the highest diagnostic odds ratio (DOR: 99.4), followed by PCR-ELISA (DOR: 12.4), whereas the two POC-CCA reading criteria resulted in lower values (trace-positive: 8.5, trace-negative: 6.1).
conclusionsOverall, these observations support the use of combined diagnostic strategies and underscore the need for multicenter, methodologically rigorous studies to strengthen surveillance, control, and elimination efforts for Schistosoma mansoni infection in Brazil.
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