ArticlePloS one2026
Vitamin B12 combined with methylene blue alleviates experimental septic shock and is associated with modulation of KCNMB1 and the cGMP-PRKG pathway.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeptic shock is characterized by severe circulatory failure, microvascular dysfunction, and metabolic derangement. Methylene blue (MB) and vitamin B12 (VB12) have each shown potential benefit in vasodilatory shock, but the biological effects of their combined use remain unclear.
methodsA rat model of LPS-induced septic shock was used to evaluate the effects of combined MB and VB12 pretreatment. Transcriptomic analysis of carotid artery tissue was performed to identify treatment-responsive genes and pathways. Expression of KCNMB1, PRKG1, and PRKG2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and RT-qPCR. Hemodynamic parameters, circulating injury markers, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indices, and histological changes in major organs were also evaluated.
resultsCombined MB and VB12 treatment was associated with lower expression of KCNMB1, PRKG1, and PRKG2 and reduced cGMP levels compared with the model group. The combined treatment also partially improved hemodynamic abnormalities, reduced NO, H2S, and lactate levels, and attenuated inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Histological injury in the lung, liver, kidney, and carotid artery was also alleviated.
conclusionIn this experimental model, combined MB and VB12 pretreatment attenuated multiple features of septic shock and was accompanied by modulation of KCNMB1 and cGMP-PRKG pathway-related markers. These findings support a potential protective role of the combined regimen, although the causal mechanistic relationship requires further investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.