Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42559673›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

GM-CSF Promotes Neutrophil PD-L1 Expression Through the VEGFR-2/STAT6/CSF2 Signaling Axis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Fangxing Zhu, Yuanhe You, Yiyi Zhang, Yibin Dai, Xinyu Zhou, Yong Fu, Xi Lu, Yingying Huang, Zhihang Zhou, Ronghui Xia and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Fangxing ZhuOromaxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8581-254X
Yuanhe YouDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yiyi ZhangCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Yibin DaiOromaxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1080-4264
Xinyu ZhouDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yong FuNanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Xi LuCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Yingying HuangOromaxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0389-6423
Zhihang ZhouOromaxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ronghui XiaCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Wutong JuDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Zhaoqi YuanDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Laiping ZhongOromaxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Tongchao ZhaoOromaxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2525-9671

Funding

2025 Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Special Project for Clinical Research in the Health Sector 20254Y0198Clinical Scientist Development Program of Fudan University DGF828024-2/032Excellent Academic Leader Program of Shanghai Oriental Talent Plan BJWS2024045National Natural Science Foundation of China 82172734National Natural Science Foundation of China 82473268Project of Shanghai Huangpu District Science and Technology Commission HLQ202304Real-world research charity project on clinical nutrition management for cancer patients ZLHZLC-SH-2024001Seed Program for Research and Translation of New Medical Technologies of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission 2025ZZ1032Shanghai Sailing Program grant 22YF1421700Shanghai Sailing Program grant 24YF2722800the High-Level Hospital Construction Project of Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology No.0224C019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a highly aggressive malignancy with limited responsiveness to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Recent neoadjuvant studies combining VEGFR-2 inhibition (VEGFR2i) with anti-PD-1 (aPD-1) have yielded markedly improved pathological responses, suggesting a VEGFR-2-dependent immunoregulatory mechanism. Here, we identify a PD-L1-expressing CD66b

Indexed as

GM‐CSFneutrophilsOSCCSTAT6VEGFR‐2

Identifiers

PMID42559673
PMCPMC13445316

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.