Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42559410›Full record

ArticleJournal of development economics2026

Right-sizing Incentives.

Edward N Okeke, Isa S Abubakar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of development economics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Edward N OkekePardee RAND Graduate School and Department of Economics, Sociology and Statistics, RAND, 1200 South Hayes, Arlington, VA 22202.
Isa S AbubakarDepartment of Community Medicine, Bayero University Kano and Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

Funding

Improving Perinatal Outcomes Using Conditional and Targeted TransfersR01HD090231 · NICHD · RAND CORPORATION · PI OKEKE, EDWARD N · 2017 to 2021
$2.8M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD090231
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents results from a field experiment in Nigeria in which expectant mothers were offered cash payments of N2500, N4000 or N10000 conditioned on using formal medical care. A secondary intervention provided some mothers with an information signal about their pregnancy risk. We find highly non-linear effects of conditional payments-most of the incentive effect occurs on the extensive margin, with rapidly diminishing returns to incentive size. We also uncover new spillover effects: showing that incentives increase healthcare use in childhood by index children and by other children in the household. We find largely null effects of the information signal.

Identifiers

PMID42559410
PMCPMC13441428

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.