ArticleAfrican journal of thoracic and critical care medicine2026
Pioneering endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in North Africa: Results from a prospective Moroccan case series.
Article in African journal of thoracic and critical care medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Time for action: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in low- and middle-income countries.African journal of thoracic and critical care medicine · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy pose a diagnostic challenge, especially in regions with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer. Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility, safety and diagnostic performance of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in a Moroccan centre. Methods: This prospective observational study evaluated patients undergoing EBUS-TBNA from December 2021 to March 2025. Samples were analysed using rapid on-site cytology, cell block histology, and additional tests including GeneXpert and molecular profiling when indicated. Final diagnoses were established using a composite reference standard based on surgical pathology or clinical follow-up. Results: A total of 180 patients were included, of whom 104 were men and 76 women (sex ratio 1.37), with a mean age of 61 years. EBUS TBNA was performed for primary lung cancer diagnosis or staging in 57.2% of cases, for evaluation of suspected mediastinal metastases in 24.4%, and for investigation of unexplained mediastinal lymphadenopathy in 18.3%. The procedure provided a diagnosis in 91.5% of patients, yielding 151 true positives and 12 true negatives (17 false negatives), corresponding to a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 100%, with no complications reported. Final diagnoses included 103 lung cancers, 39 metastatic carcinomas, 5 lymphomas, 5 cases of sarcoidosis and 3 cases of TB, with only 9 patients subsequently requiring mediastinoscopy. Conclusion: In TB-endemic regions, EBUS-TBNA is safe and effective for mediastinal evaluation, providing reliable diagnoses for both malignant and granulomatous diseases. Its implementation is justified as a first-line modality in resource-limited settings. Study synopsis:
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