Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42558399›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in health services2026

Resilience as recovery: stakeholder perspectives on Uganda's health system response to infectious disease shocks.

Denis Okethwangu, Mahima Venkateswaran, Alex R Ario, Sandra Nabatanzi, Evelyn Asio, Felix Ocom, Charles L Okot, Anna Nyisomeh, Victoria Nankabirwa, Elizeus Rutebemberwa and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in health services, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Denis OkethwanguDepartment of Health Policy, Planning and Management, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Mahima VenkateswaranDepartment of Global Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Alex R ArioUganda National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Sandra NabatanziUganda National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Evelyn AsioUganda National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Felix OcomUganda National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Charles L OkotEpidemic Preparedness and Response Cluster, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
Anna NyisomehGlobal Health Security Project, Baylor College of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda.
Victoria NankabirwaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Elizeus RutebemberwaDepartment of Health Policy, Planning and Management, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Roy W MayegaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Suzanne N KiwanukaDepartment of Health Policy, Planning and Management, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The conceptualization, definition, and measurement of health system resilience remain contested, hindering policy integration. Country-specific empirical evidence from sub-Saharan Africa, where infectious disease shocks recur, is limited. This study explored how national-level Ugandan stakeholders conceptualize health system resilience to infectious disease shocks and its attributes. Methods: We conducted a descriptive exploratory qualitative study using semi-structured key informant interviews with 15 purposively selected national-level stakeholders from the Ministry of Health, academia, and development and implementing partners between May and July 2025. Data were analyzed using a hybrid deductive-inductive (abductive) thematic analysis approach, drawing on Kruk et al.'s and the WHO's resilience frameworks while remaining open to emergent themes. Reporting follows the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). Results: Participants conceptualized resilience across five capacities: preparedness, absorptive, adaptive, transformative, and recovery. Recovery-dominated narratives prevailed, while transformative capacity was least articulated, indicating a system oriented toward "bouncing back" rather than reform: A resilient system in Uganda is one that anticipates and prepares for infectious disease shocks; absorbs them while sustaining essential services; adapts through innovation and operational adjustment; recovers core functioning; and institutionalizes learning to transform structures, financing, and service delivery models in preparation for future shocks. Seven interconnected attributes were identified: (1) governance and leadership, (2) preparedness, (3) service delivery, (4) community involvement, (5) adaptability, (6) collaboration and partnerships, and (7) soft skills. Governance and leadership emerged as foundational; preparedness, service delivery, community involvement, adaptability, and collaboration as structural; and soft skills (trust, communication, cultural sensitivity) as relational enablers. Conclusions: From the perspective of national-level actors, Uganda's health system is predominantly reactive, with recovery prioritized over transformation. Strengthening resilience requires institutionalizing learning, anticipatory financing, empowered subnational structures, and multisectoral partnerships. Future research should triangulate these perspectives with subnational, frontline, and community voices.

Indexed as

disease outbreaksOne HealthpandemicspsychologicalresilienceUganda

Identifiers

PMID42558399
PMCPMC13437620

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.