Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42558223›Full record

ReviewJournal of medical extended reality2025

The Role of Virtual Reality in Chronic Pain and Loneliness: Narrative Review.

Alicia Pan, Sacha Moreau, Ghazal Rafeeh, Naba Ahsan, Christopher L Robinson, Min Lang, Margot Paul, James Khan, Alexandra Thérond

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of medical extended reality, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Alicia PanDepartment of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6251-4734
Sacha MoreauDepartment of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Ghazal RafeehDepartment of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
Naba AhsanDepartment of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.
Christopher L RobinsonDepartment of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Min LangDepartment of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, , Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Margot PaulDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
James KhanDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Alexandra ThérondDepartment of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic pain and loneliness are significant public health challenges that often intersect, leading to a cyclical cycle of physical, emotional, and social distress. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated these issues, highlighting the need for innovative solutions. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool for managing chronic pain and alleviating loneliness, but its potential to address the complex interplay between these conditions remains underexplored. This narrative review aims to synthesize current evidence on the effectiveness of VR interventions in managing chronic pain and loneliness, identify key themes and knowledge gaps, and provide recommendations for future research and clinical applications. A literature search was conducted, focusing on randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies published between January 2020 and December 2024 that investigated VR interventions for chronic pain and loneliness in adult populations. Studies were analyzed for recurring themes, trends, applications, and implications. VR interventions demonstrate the potential to reduce pain intensity, improve mood, and foster social connectedness through immersive, interactive experiences. Several key themes emerged, including the importance of multisensory stimulation, personalization, and social presence in enhancing VR's therapeutic effects. However, challenges related to accessibility, user experience, and long-term efficacy remain. VR offers a promising approach to managing chronic pain and loneliness, with the potential to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Future research should address identified barriers, develop culturally adaptive interventions, leverage artificial intelligence for personalization, and conduct longitudinal studies to assess long-term benefits and potential side effects. Integrating VR into collaborative health care teams and comprehensive treatment plans has the potential to maximize its impact and help with cost efficiencies. Advancing VR technology will require continued research to maximize its potential to enhance physical, emotional, and social well-being for those experiencing chronic pain and loneliness.

Indexed as

chronic painimmersive technologylonelinessmachine learningpain managementsocial isolation

Identifiers

PMID42558223
PMCPMC13387250

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.