ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Penile and preputial pythiosis in Saudi Arabian horses: clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Pythiosis, caused by Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 123 horses presented with cutaneous ulcerative granulomatous lesions to the Horse Hospital, Salam Veterinary Group, between October 2022 and September 2025. Of these, 17 male horses with confirmed penile or preputial involvement were included. Clinical data, lesion characteristics, and outcomes were analyzed. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and mycological culture, with ultrastructural identification by scanning electron microscopy. All cases were treated by complete surgical excision. Results: The mean age of affected horses was 6.5 ± 1.8 years, with the majority of cases occurring in gray-colored horses (58.82%). Lesions were predominantly located on the prepuce (52.94%), followed by the urethral orifice (29.41%), glans penis (11.77%), and penile body (5.88). Morphologically, lesions were mainly elliptical (58.8%) or circular (35.3%), with a median surface area of 25.0 cm Conclusion: Early accurate diagnosis and complete excision are essential to minimize recurrence, especially in extensive preputial lesions. This study provides one of the most focused characterizations of genital pythiosis in horses and highlights key prognostic factors relevant to clinical management.
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