ArticleJournal of medical extended reality2024
A Personalized Approach Using an N-of-1 Trial of Virtual Reality Hypnosis for Persistent Dyspnea.
Article in Journal of medical extended reality, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Dyspnoea patterns in patients with advanced diseases: a functional MRI feasibility study protocol.BMJ open · 2026Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Persistent dyspnea is associated with major suffering in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Addressing this clinical challenge requires personalized approaches that account for individual variability in treatment response. N-of-1 trials offer a promising method to evaluate interventions tailored to individual patients. This study utilizes N-of-1 trials to assess the effect of virtual reality hypnosis (VRH) therapy on persistent dyspnea to inform personalized therapeutic decisions. Two COPD patients with persistent dyspnea participated in N-of-1 trials, each consisting of four counterbalanced periods of exposure to different virtual reality conditions (period A: VRH; period B: a distractive, pleasant drone ride) over 2 consecutive days. Through patient-generated problem-specific questionnaires, outcomes were evaluated on a 6-point Likert scale. Results showed significant reductions in dyspnea intensity and improved well-being during VRH for one patient, while the other reported improved well-being without significant changes in dyspnea. Our report illustrates the potential of N-of-1 trials in evaluating personalized treatment efficacy, highlighting the importance of customized approaches when conventional treatments have been exhausted. Incorporating N-of-1 trials of alternative treatments in the dyspnea clinic may enhance patient outcomes and satisfaction by tailoring interventions to individual patient needs.
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